At the Crossroads of Physics and Climate: A Comprehensive Review of Climate Change in Afghanistan

Abstract

Climate change in Afghanistan is important because it has severe impacts on various aspects of life, particularly the agricultural sector, which is the main source of income for the country's economy. More than 80% of Afghanistan's population is involved in farming, herding, or both, despite only 12% of the country's total land area being arable. Climate change is causing successive droughts, health problems, and damage to the environment, animals, and agriculture products in the country. The country has been experiencing an increased frequency of drought since the early 1960s, and it is anticipated that drought could become the norm by 2030. Furthermore, higher temperatures are expected to exacerbate flooding events due to more rapid snow melt in the spring. Climate change also has adverse effects on human health, water resources, and environmental diversity. Therefore, understanding the impact of climate change in Afghanistan is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate its effects and preserve the country's production capacity.This research delves into the mathematical and physical modeling of climate change in Afghanistan.