An overview of the Correlation between Obesity and Hypertension

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Published Jun 24, 2025
https://doi.org/10.70436/nuijb.v3i04.355
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Vol. 3 No. 04 (2024): December

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Abdur Rahim Abidi
Kunduz University
Niamatullah Zaheer
Kunduz University

Abstract

Obesity is one of the major global health problems and the second greatest preventable cause of death. It adversely affects all cardiovascular risk factors and negatively impacts structure and function of the heart. Likewise, hypertension is also one of the main causes of the global disease burden. Obesity and hypertension are linked to higher rates of morbidity and mortality and lead to cardiovascular and renal disorders. visceral obesity causes insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. It is more significant predictor of hypertension as compared to subcutaneous obesity. The aim of this study is to understanding the relationship between obesity and hypertension as well as how to treat obesity-related hypertension. This study employs a qualitative approach using descriptive and analytical methods to explore the correlation. Data was collected from journal articles academic books. Thematic analysis is used to identify and analyze patterns within the data.The results shows that potentials mechanisms such as sympathetic nervous system overactivity, activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sodium retention, insulin resistance, and compromised vascular endothelial dysfunction are involed in the obesity related hypertension. In obese individuals, vascular fibrosis and lipid accumulation can worsen systemic vascular resistance. In addition to being a cardiovascular risk factor obesity is believed to play a significant role in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Obese and  overweight individuals are more vulnerable to the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases than those who are of normal weights.  Since visceral obesity results in insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia, it contributes more to obesity-induced hypertension than subcutaneous or peripheral obesity. Furthermore, obese people are more likely to be resistant to multiple anti-hypertensive medication treatments. An in-depth and thorough evaluation of this relationship should therefore examine the pathogenetic factores and pathophysiological mechanisms linking obesity to hypertension and provide the basis for a rational therapeutic strategy.

Keywords

Dyslipidemia, Hypertension, Insulin, resistance, Obesity, Sympathetic, nervous, system

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Author Biographies

Abdur Rahim Abidi, Kunduz University

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Stomatology, Kunduz University, Kunduz, Afghanistan

Niamatullah Zaheer, Kunduz University

Department of  Internal Medicine, Faculty of Stomatology, Kunduz University, Kunduz, Afghanistan

How to Cite
Abidi, A. R., & Zaheer, N. (2025). An overview of the Correlation between Obesity and Hypertension. Nangarhar University International Journal of Biosciences, 3(04), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.70436/nuijb.v3i04.355

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