Profiling the ABO and Rh (D) Antigen Frequencies among Blood Donors in Nangarhar
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Abstract
Knowledge of ABO and Rh (D) blood-group distribution is essential for effective blood-bank management, transfusion planning, and emergency preparedness. Regional variation in blood-group frequencies necessitates population-specific data. This study aimed to determine the frequency of ABO and Rh (D) blood groups and describe the sociodemographic characteristics of blood donors in three major public hospitals in Jalalabad city, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan. This retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study included 70,890 eligible blood donors based on complete records extracted from blood-donor registers of Nangarhar Regional Hospital, Nangarhar University Teaching Hospital, and Fatima Zahra Provincial Hospital from 01/01/1401 to 30/12/1403. Data on age, sex, marital status, residence, employment status, type of donation, ABO blood group, and Rh (D) status were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 27.0. The mean age of donors was 32.02 ± 5.86 years. Males constituted 96.1% (68,128) and females 3.9% (2,762). Most donors were single (68.9%), urban residents (84.2%), and voluntary donors (91.1%). Blood group B was the most prevalent ABO blood group at 32.2% (22,828), followed by O at 29.1% (20,616), A at 26.7% (18,965), and AB at 12.0% (8,481). Rh(D) positivity was observed in 90.31% (64,023) of donors, while 9.69% (6,867) were Rh(D)-negative. The most common ABO/Rh(D) blood-group combination was B-positive at 28.8% (20,410), followed by O-positive at 26.9% (19,046) and A-positive at 24.1% (17,077). Blood group B and Rh(D)-positive status predominated among the blood donors included in this study. These findings provide important baseline data for transfusion services and may support region-specific blood-inventory planning and donor-recruitment strategies.
Keywords
ABO, Antigens, Blood, Groups, Nangarhar, Rh antigen##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Hashimi, S. Z., Afridi, M. B., Ameer, Q., Shinwary, M. I., Rodwal, L., & Zakhil, F. (2026). Profiling the ABO and Rh (D) Antigen Frequencies among Blood Donors in Nangarhar. Nangarhar University International Journal of Biosciences, 5(02), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.70436/nuijb.v5i02.488
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