Influence of Varying Nitrogen and Potassium Levels on the Agronomic Performance of Chili (Capsicum annuum L.)

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Published Dec 27, 2025
https://doi.org/10.70436/nuijb.v4i03.400
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Vol. 4 No. 03 (2025): September

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Mohammad Omer Darwish
Ghazni University
Sayed Rahim Ghafari
Ghazni University
Ghulam Maruf Faqiri
Ghazni University

Abstract

‌The present study was conducted in 2023 to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and potassium on the growth and yield of chili crop through a randomized completely block design with three replications. The experimental design contained twelve treatment combinations, namely, four nitrogen doses (0, 45, 90, and 135 kg/ha) and three potassium dosages (0, 25, and 50 kg/ha as basal). Nitrogen was applied in two splits (transplanting and first picking) at a dose of 45 kg/ha, and in three splits (transplanting, first, and third picking) at doses of 90 and 135 kg/ha. Compared to the other nitrogen rates, 135 kg/ha of nitrogen produced superior growth and yield-contributing parameters such as plant height (81.4 cm), number of branches per plant (4.80), number of leaves per plant (37.22), leaf area index (1.404), fruit length (6.20 cm), fruit diameter (0.64 cm), number of fruits per plant (70.2), average fruit weight (2.8 g), and weight of fruit per plant (201.0 g). With respect to potassium, the application of 50 kg K2O ha-1 produced comparatively higher plant growth parameters, including plant height (78.8 cm), number of branches per plant (4.77), number of leaves per plant (36.25), leaf area index (1.375), fruit length (5.88 cm), fruit diameter (0.60 cm), number of fruits per plant (68.0), average fruit weight (2.8 g), and fruit weight per plant (188.8 g). In addition, the application of 135 kg of N/ha and 50 kg of K2O/ha in chili resulted in increased production of green and red ripe fruits, which were 11.07 tons/ha and 10.71 tons/ha, respectively. In conclusion, the study recommends applying 135 kg of nitrogen in three splits and 50 kg of K2O at base application per hectare for chili production in Ghazin province.

Keywords

Chili, growth, nitrogen, potassium, yield

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Author Biographies

Mohammad Omer Darwish, Ghazni University

Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ghazni University, Ghazni, Afghanistan

Sayed Rahim Ghafari, Ghazni University

Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ghazni University, Ghazin, Afghanistan

Ghulam Maruf Faqiri, Ghazni University

Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ghazni University, Ghazni, Afghanistan

How to Cite
Darwish, M. O., Ghafari, S. R., & Faqiri, G. M. (2025). Influence of Varying Nitrogen and Potassium Levels on the Agronomic Performance of Chili (Capsicum annuum L.). Nangarhar University International Journal of Biosciences, 4(03), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.70436/nuijb.v4i03.400

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