Effect of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on wheat yield under the arid and semi-arid climatic conditions of Nangarhar province

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.sidebar##

Published Sep 4, 2024
https://doi.org/10.70436/nuijb.v3i02.315
Download
PDF 12
Statistic

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Vol. 3 No. 02 (2024): June

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##

Bakht Munir Baber
Tariqullah Hashemi
Asmatullah Durani
Shafiqullah Aryan
Tayabullah Zahid
Gulbuddin Gulab
Abdul Hakim Amini

Abstract

Nitrogen is one of the essential and primary elements among plant nutrients and it is mainly around 30% accessible to plants as applied. Nitrogen is losing around 70% from the soil due to multiple factors. Therefore, the excessive nitrogen fertilizer application rate can cause soil, air, and underground water pollution and increasing temperature and can create different disorders. Thus, an experiment was conducted to find a suitable nitrogen fertilizer rate to improve the production of PBW-154 wheat variety under arid and semi-arid climatic conditions. The experiment consisted of seven different nitrogen rates, T1 0, T2 80, T3 100, T4 120, T5 160, and T7 180 kg ha-1.  Nitrogen was split 25% at germination and initial vegetative growth stage, while the remaining 50% was applied at tillering and flowering stages. Data was collected for vegetative (plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers) and reproductive (length of spike, number of grains per spike, 1000 grains weight, yield kg/ha) growth parameters accordingly. The results revealed that significantly (P < 0.05) higher values of vegetative growth and reproductive growth parameters, including production weight, were observed in the T6 treatment compared to other treatments. Additionally, the T6 treatment exhibited the highest yield (39.2 gr weight of 1000 grains and 4.47 tons/ha of grains weight). It increased by 41 % suitable nitrogen fertilizer application rate under the arid and semi-arid climatic conditions. The suitable nitrogen rate for arid and semi-arid climatic conditions is 160 kg ha-1 compared to 180 kg ha-1 and above. It could reduce the extra expenses of the farmers, protect the air, soil, and water from pollution, and increase the benefit-cost ratio of field cultivation for the reference crop.

Keywords

Nitrogen fertilizer, vegetative growth, reproductive growth, grains, yield

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##

How to Cite
Baber, B. M., Hashemi, T., Durani, A., Aryan, S., Zahid, T., Gulab, G., & Amini, A. H. (2024). Effect of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on wheat yield under the arid and semi-arid climatic conditions of Nangarhar province. Nangarhar University International Journal of Biosciences, 3(02), 9–14. https://doi.org/10.70436/nuijb.v3i02.315

References

  1. Alam, I., & Sinha, K. K. (2008). Response of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Genotypes to levels of nitrogen under irrigated condition. Environment and Ecology, 20(4), 1925-1926.
  2. Amjed, A., Ahmad, A., Syed, W. H., Khaliq, T., Asif, M., Aziz, M., & Mubeen, M. (2011). Effects of nitrogen on growth and yield components of wheat.(Report). Science International (Lahore), 23(4), 331-332..
  3. Alley, M. M., Scharf, P. C., Brann, D. E., Baethgen, W. E., & Hammons, J. L. (2009). Nitrogen management for winter wheat: principles and recommendations.
  4. Ananda, N., & Patil, B. N. (2007). Effect of zinc, iron and split application of nitrogen on growth, yield of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and on available nutrient status in soil. Research on Crops, 8(3), 515.
  5. Dass, A., Jat, S. L., & Rana, K. S. (2015). Resource conserving techniques for improving nitrogen-use efficiency. Nutrient use efficiency: from basics to advances, 45-58.
  6. Gangwar, K.S., Singh, K.K. and Sharma, S.K. 2004. Effect of tillage on growth, yield and nutrient uptake in wheat after rice in the IndoGangetic Plains of India. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 142: 453-459.
  7. Goswami, V.K. 2007. Response of wheat (Triticum aestivum) to nitrogen and zinc application. Annals of Agricultural Research, 28(1): 90-91.
  8. Haoran Li, Hongguang Wang, Qin Fang, Bin Jia, Dongxiao Li, Jianning He, Ruiqi Li, Effects of irrigation and nitrogen application on NO3--N distribution in soil, nitrogen absorption, utilization and translocation by winter wheat, Agricultural Water Management,
  9. Hussain, M.F., Kabir, M.A., Majunder, U.K., Sikder, M.S. and Chaudhary, M.M.A.A. 2005. Influence of irrigation and nitrogen level on yield of wheat Pakistan and nitrogen level on yield of wheat. Pakistan Journal of Biological Scice, 8(1): 152-155.
  10. Jan, M. T., Khan, M. J., Ahmad, K., Mohammad, A., Mohammad, S. and Farmanullah, 2010. To test the effects of sources and timing of N application on wheat biological yield and N indices. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42(6): 42674279.
  11. Kjellstrom, T., Lodh, M., McMichael, T., Ranmuthugala, G., Shrestha, R., & Kingsland, S. (2006). Air and water pollution: burden and strategies for control. Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries. 2nd edition.
  12. Kumar, R. and Yadav, D.S. 2005. Effect of zero tillage in conjunction with nitrogen management in wheat (Triticum aestivum) after rice (Oryza sativa). Indian Journal of Agronomy, 50(1): 54-57.
  13. Kumar, S., Singh, K. and Jatav, A.L. 2007. Effect of nitrogen levels on growth and yield of recently released wheat variety Malviya 468 under late sown condition. Progressive Agriculture, 7(1/ 2): 25-27.
  14. Kostić, M. M., Tagarakis, A. C., Ljubičić, N., Blagojević, D., Radulović, M., Ivošević, B., & Rakić, D. (2021). The Effect of N Fertilizer Application Timing on Wheat Yield on Chernozem Soil. Agronomy, 11(7), 1413. MDPI AG. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11071413
  15. MAIL (Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock) Agricultural prospects Report. 2014- 15.
  16. Merrington, G., Nfa, L. W., Parkinson, R., Redman, M., & Winder, L. (2002). Agricultural pollution: environmental problems and practical solutions. CRC Press.
  17. RASTA (Food Security Response Analysis Support Team Afghanistan). 2012. Wheat markets and wheat availability in Afghanistan. pp.7
  18. Sharma, S., Kaur, G., Singh, P., Alamri, S., Kumar, R., & Siddiqui, M. H. (2022). Nitrogen and potassium application effects on productivity, profitability and nutrient use efficiency of irrigated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plos one, 17(5), e0264210.
  19. Sardana, S.K. and Randhawa, A.S. 2002. Performance of wheat varieties under different sowing date and nitrogen levels in sub-mountain region of Punjab. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 34(3): 372-377.
  20. Tisdale, S.L. and Nelson, W.L. 1984. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers, 3rd Ed. McMillan Publ. Co., Inc., New York. pp. 68-73.
  21. Yadav, D.S., Shukla, R.P. and Susant, B.K. 2005. Effect of zero tillage and N level on wheat (Triticum aestivum) after rice (Oryza sativa). Indian Journal of Agronomy, 50(1): 52-53.
  22. Wheat food Council Est. 1972

Most read articles by the same author(s)