Comparative Evaluation of Blood Hematological & Biochemical Dynamics in Indigenous (Achi Kunari) Breed Cow’s at Various Stages of Lactation & Related calves

Abstract

Lactation is a vital phase in the production cycle of cows, significantly affecting both milk yield and animal health. Post-calving, different stages of lactation, milk quality and hematobiochemical parameters, and electrolytes, change due to hematobiochemical and physiological alterations in the body. During different stages of pregnancy and lactation, harmful Hematologic and Metabolic disorders like anemia, hypoalbuminemia, ketonemia, reduced milk yield, and hormonal imbalances may arise in cows. Hematologic and Metabolic disorders increase the demand of oxygen carrying, production stress and reduce milk quality, harming cow health. Studying these parameters can aid in early disease diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment, Proper nutritional management during calving to helps prevent these disorders. The experiment was assessed the impacts of Early, Middle and Late lactation stages of Hematobiochemical parameters of the cow and related calves at different stages of lactation. A cross sectional observational comparative study including indigenous Achi breed Cows and related Calves. Total samples were 48 in which 24 lactated cow and 24 related calves. Around 3 ml blood’s samples were collected from jugular vein in Heparinized tubes. Lactation stages were further divided into Early, Middle and Late each stages had 8 cows + 8 related calves, respectively. Clinically healthy adult cows and immature calves, not treated with systemic corticosteroid or other drugs affecting metabolism within 15 days. Whereas, cow with mastitis, fever, visible disease, metabolic disorders or under medication that affects Hematobiochemical parameters have been excluded. During the sampling the consent of the owner was obtained. Data were shown as mean ± standard error. Statistical difference among groups were assessed using one – way analysis of variance followed by Tukey, LSD test. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Based on the results, at different stages of lactation of cow and their calves there was lower values of hematological parameters in early stages of lactation compare to middle and late lactation(p<0.0). In terms of biochemical parameters of the cow and their calves there was the lowest values of the glucose, cholesterol and total protein only in early lactation stage compare to middle and late lactations stages(p<0.05). there was no difference between middle and late lactation stages(p>0.0). In concluded that cow’s and related calves in early lactation stage there was the lowest blood hematobiochemical parameters compare to middle and late lactation stages of the cows and their calves. There wase no significantly difference of the hematobiochemical parameters between middle and late lactation stages.