Sugarcane Value Chain Analysis in Kama District of Nangarhar Province

Abstract

Sugarcane is one of the world’s most valuable crops, used not only for sugar and molasses but also for energy, industrial products, and livestock feed. Every part of the plant serves a purpose: the juice provides energy and minerals, the bagasse is used for fuel and electricity generation, and residues are turned into organic fertilizers. Beyond its agricultural role, sugarcane supports transportation, packaging, processing industries, and agricultural machinery Sectors. It provides income for farmers, creates employment, and contributes to food, beverage, and industrial alcohol production. Given its wide applications, sugarcane is deeply linked with economic growth, sustainability, and social progress. Strengthening its value chain can increase national income, improve livelihoods, and enhance self-sufficiency. This study examines the sugarcane value chain in Kama District, Nangarhar Province during 2023-2024. The main objective was to analyze production, processing, marketing, and consumption, while identifying challenges and opportunities for improvement. Using both primary and secondary data, the research surveyed 80 farmers, 10 processors, 10 wholesalers, 10 retailers, and 10 consumers. Descriptive statistics, supported by Excel and SPSS, revealed key factors such as education, experience, access to capital, and market conditions influencing efficiency. The findings identified five main actors in the value chain: producers, collectors, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers. Producers earned the highest income (around AFN 33,775 per jerib), followed by wholesalers, while consumers experienced the lowest net returns (around AFN 4,993). Challenges included limited access to information, weak coordination, and production inefficiencies. The study recommends promoting youth engagement, improving access to seeds and machinery, strengthening market linkages, and offering training programs to boost productivity and efficiency.